Freight class is a standardized system used in Less-than-Truckload (LTL) shipping to categorize shipments based on specific characteristics. It determines pricing and handling requirements for various types of freight. The classification system, established by the National Motor Freight Classification (NMFC), assigns a numerical class ranging from 50 to 500 based on four key factors:

Freight class is largely determined by density, which is the weight of the shipment divided by its volume (measured in cubic feet). The higher the density, the lower the freight class, which typically results in lower shipping costs. Conversely, lower-density shipments take up more space and often cost more.

This factor considers how easily freight can be stowed in a trailer. Freight that is difficult to stack or requires special handling (e.g., hazardous materials) may be assigned a higher class

Freight that is fragile, hazardous, or requires special equipment for loading and unloading may be placed in a higher class due to increased handling requirements.

This factor considers the value of the shipment and its risk of damage or theft. High-value goods are often classified at a higher freight class.

By accurately entering your shipment’s weight and dimensions, you can ensure the correct freight class is applied, avoiding unnecessary reclassifications and charges.